Abu Ibrahim Ismail ibn Ahmad Samani, also known as Ismail Samani emir from the Samanid dynasty, the founder of the state in Central Asia. Ismail was the governor of his brother Nasr in Bukhara (874–892). In 888, he defeated his brother, but retained his power. Only after the death of his brother did he become the emir of Maverannahr and in 892 was confirmed as a caliph in this country. After the elimination of civil strife and rebellion, and the establishment of his autocracy, he had to deal with ensuring the security of the state from the raids of the Turkic nomads. In modern Tajikistan, the rule of Ismail Samani is seen as a happy time of prosperity and flourishing of culture under the auspices of the wise ruler. Ismail Samani is a key figure for both Tajik and pan-Iranian culture. It is at the court of the Samanids that the New Persian language and New Persian literature are formed, which will then spread to the West and capture the entire Iranian-speaking world.
The Samanid state was formed during the collapse of the Abbasid caliphate. Ismail Samani (849–907) is considered the founder of the Samanid state, although the lands of Khorezm and Fararud were deposited from the Caliphate several decades earlier, in 819 AD. e. In the 1st half of the 10th century, during the period of economic and cultural prosperity, the Samanid state included Maverannahr, Khorasan, Northern and Eastern Iran. A number of state entities – Khorezm, Ghazni and others – were in vassal dependence on the Samanids. The Samanids Empire (819–999) was founded on the territory of modern eastern Iran and Uzbekistan by Saman Khudat, a landowner from Balkh in northern Afghanistan. At the peak of its development, this empire encompassed parts of modern Iran, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Tajikistan. It is known that the Samanids patronized trade, science and the arts. They contributed to the spread of Persian and Islamic culture deep into Central Asia and even carried on trade with certain regions of Europe. Among the most significant cultural achievements of the Samanid era are the works of the poet Firdousi, Samanid silver coins and new styles in ceramics.